Antidiabetic Potential Of Ethyl Vanillin In Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the anti-diabetic potential of EVA against high fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) induced experimental type 2 diabetic rats. In the present study, Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were obtained from the Central Animal House of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab (India). There were six groups and 46 animals total involved in experiment. Control group consisted of six animals (n=6) and other five groups consisting of 8 animals (n=8) based on age, weight, and sex. High fat diet and low dose of STZ (35 mg/kg, i.p) model was used to induce the T2DM in experimental rats. EVA (25, 50 mg/kg, p.o) was administered daily for 28 days from a day of confirmation of T2DM. EVA significantly attenuated the observational and biochemical parameters. In the current study low dose of STZ in high fat diet fed rats induced metabolic alterations similar to that observed in clinically T2DM patients. A model that incorporated high fat diet to induce peripheral IR, followed by low dose STZ to target pancreatic β-cells, was reported to closely mimic not only the phenotype but also the pathogenesis of human T2DM (Reed et al., 2000; Asrafuzzaman et al., 2017). Indeed, in the current, high fat diet and STZ combination closely stimulated T2DM in rats as seen in clinical patients. High fat diet and STZ caused drastic elevation in glucose levels, blood plasma lipid levels, disturbed glucose tolerance level. It also caused increased in food, fluid intake as well as food preference towards high fat diet was observed. In brief, we investigated EVA was effective in ameliorating high fat diet and STZ induced metabolic dysregulation associated with T2DM. The observed beneficial effects of EVA in improving metabolic dysfunction may be due to its ability to reduce weight gain, and improving the metabolic functions such as hyperglycemia, glucose tolerance, and dyslipidemia in rats. Therefore, it can be concluded that administration of EVA showed protective effect in experimental models of T2DM.